Honorifics or Addressing People - संबोधन (Sambodhan)

The way of addressing a person varies with the age and position.

आप (Aap) is used for addressing elders, lesser known people and in formal  instances. It is used for respectfully addressing a singular person, and as a second person plural pronoun. The most formal is "aap" and is the safest to use in all situations. It can be used in situations that range from deeply respectful to the merely businesslike.

तू (Tu) and तुम (Tum) are used for addressing younger people and in informal and intimate instances. तुम (Tum) is slightly formal, in the sense, it is used addressing people of your age who may not be very close to you. तू (Tu) is highly informal and is used  while addressing very close friends or someone of your age or younger to you or when there is utmost familiarity/friendship/intimacy.

Examples:

You listen (formal)
आप सुनिए
Aap suniye
You sit here(formal)
आप यहाँ बैठिए
Aap yahan baitiye
You listen (slightly informal)
तुम सुनो
Tum suno
You sit here(slightly  informal)
तुम यहाँ बैठो
Tum yahan baitho
You listen (very informal)
तू सुन
Tu sun
You sit here(very informal)
तू यहाँ बैठ
Tu yahan baith


भैया (Bhaiya) or भाई साहब (Bhai sahab) actually means elder brother. But is also used to address a male member who is lesser known or unknown to you and may be slightly older. Likewise, दीदी (didi) or बहनजी (bahanji) is used to address an older female member who is lesser known or unknown. These honorifics are used by both male and female alike.

Examples:

Brother, can you move aside?
भैया, आप ज़रा हटेंगे?
Bhaiya, aap jara hatenge?
Brother, Thank you very much!
भाई साहब, आपका बहुत सुक्रिया!
Bhai sahab, aapka bahut sukriya!
Sister, did you see my child?
दीदी, आपने मेरे बच्चे को देखा?
Didi, aapne mere bachche ko dekha?

जी (Ji)  is suffixed after the name or position title for sufficiently older people or respectable persons. Baba, or Swami or Swamiji are honorifics denoting great respect, usually denoting spiritual mastery. Pandit/Panditji is an honorific title given to a scholar, a teacher, religion, music or philosophy. Guru/Guruji is widely used with the general meaning of teacher. It also refers to a person who has authority because of his or her perceived secular knowledge or skills. "Mahatma" means Great Soul. The term is also used to refer to liberated souls or professionals. "Sahib" is a term of respect, meaning Sir, master or lord. Sahiba is the authentic form address to be used for a female.

Examples:
Mahatma Gandhi, Gandhiji, Pandit Ravi Shankar, Swami Vivekananda , Khan Sahib, Rani Sahiba, Nair Sahab, Ramji, Laxmiji, and so on.


Other  honorifics:
Miss
कुमारी
Kumari
Master
कुमार
Kumar
Mr.
श्री/ श्रीमान
Shree/shri/shreeman
Mrs.
श्रीमती
Shreemati
Uncle
काका/चाचा
Kakaa/Chaachaa
Aunty
काकी/चाची
Kaakii/chaachii
Olderly man
दादा
Dada
Friend's wife/elderly married lady of the same generation.
भाभी
Bhabhi
Elderly lady of maternal side
मौसी
Mousi
Elderly lady of paternal side
बुआ
Bua
His Highness
महाराजा
Maharaja
Her Highness
महारानी
Maharani
Prince
राजकुमार/कुअर
Rajkumar/kuar
Princess
राजकुमारी
Rajkumari
Sir
महोदय
Mahoday
Madam
महोदया
Mahodaya


Examples:
Mr. Prasad
प्रसाद जी
Prasad ji
Mrs. Clinton
श्रीमती क्लिंटन
Sreemati Clinton
Hey!
अरे!/अजी!
Are! /aji!
You!
रे !
Re!
Hello to you!
नमस्ते जी !
Namaste ji
Grandpa, respectful greetings!
दादाजी, सादर प्रणाम !
Dadaji saadar pranaam
Panditji, when did you come?
पंडितजी, आप कब आए?
Panditji, aap kab aaye?
Hey, when did you come ?
अरे, तुम कब आए हो?
Are, tum kab aaye ho?
Uncle, please wait !
ममाजी, ज़रा रुकिये!
Mamaji, jara rukiye!
Madam, Please be seated.
महोदया, कृपया बैठ जाइए
Mahodaya, kripaya baith jayiye
How do you do Sir?
आप कैसे है महोदय?
Aap kaise hai mahoday?

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